A lathe machine operates on a simple principle, but it has many complex moving parts. Most lathes contain a headstock, tailstock, spindle, motor, chuck, and an assortment of cutting tools.
First, the workpiece is fastened to the chuck. This is the part of the machine that holds the piece in place. The chuck usually grips the outside of the workpiece.
The spindle, which is attached to the chuck, is connected to the engine that rotates the workpiece. This is the part that allows the workpiece to rotate. Once the piece is spinning, it's ready for cutting.
Then, the machinist attaches a cutting tool to the tool holder. The tool holder keeps the cutting tool firmly in place and allows the tool to travel the length of the piece as it spins.
Cutting tools come in a wide variety of sizes, each with its own purpose.
Turning tools can cut material off of the workpiece. These flat blades are the most common kind of cutting tool used in lathe work.
Other cutting tools include boring bars to make holes larger, chamfering tools to create bevels, and parting tools to cut the workpiece in half.
